Sunday, December 24, 2006

Bisphenol A and Phthalates (DEHP, DBP, and BBP)

http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/11/19/TOXICTOYS.TMP
San Francisco Chronicle
TOXIC TOYS
San Francisco prepares to ban certain chemicals in products for kids, but enforcement will be tough -- and toymakers question necessity

Jane Kay, Chronicle Environment Writer

Sunday, November 19, 2006

It's often impossible for parents to tell if the teething ring or baby rattle they hand their children contains bisphenol A or phthalates. The Chronicle purchased 16 children's products and sent them to the STAT Analysis Corp. laboratory in Chicago, one of the few commercial labs that test for these chemicals.

The city's ordinance bans the manufacture, distribution or sale of items intended for children younger than 3 if they contain any level of bisphenol A. Six different forms of phthalates are covered by the ban, which sets the maximum phthalate level at 0.1 percent of the chemical makeup of any part of the product. Three of those phthalates are banned only in items intended for kids younger than 3, but the law doesn't include age limits for products that contain three other phthalates -- DEHP, DBP and BBP.


http://www.avent.com/uk/en/learn_more_faq_bottle_feeding.php#q20
What is Bisphenol-A, and what are the issues surrounding BPA?

Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a chemical used in the production of polycarbonate plastic and food/beverage can coatings.

Over 50 years of research and extensive use throughout the world provides overwhelming scientific evidence that polycarbonate is safe for the manufacture of baby feeding bottles.

International regulatory agencies responsible for consumer protection, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the UK Food Standards Agency, the US Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) and the Japanese Ministry of Health, have assessed the potential health effects of BPA. All conclude that consumer products made from materials containing BPA, including polycarbonate, are safe for their intended use.

In April 2005 the FDA reconfirmed the safety of the use of polycarbonate for food contact including baby feeding bottles stating that “based on all the evidence available at this time, FDA sees no reason to change its long-held position that current uses with food are safe.”


Avent Bottles are independently tested in accordance with and comply to the latest European Standard for Drinking Equipment for Children-EN14350: 2004 which includes a limit for the migration of BPA.

Avent is committed to the safety of mothers and babies.

Avent bottles are used by millions of happy, healthy babies and families in over 70 countries worldwide and conform to the most stringent national and international standards.

Saturday, December 23, 2006

aluminum hydroxide, squalene, or aluminum hydroxide combined with squalene

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17114826
Neuromolecular Med. 2007;9(1):83-100.
Aluminum adjuvant linked to gulf war illness induces motor neuron death in mice.
Petrik MS, Wong MC, Tabata RC, Garry RF, Shaw CA.
PMID: 17114826 [PubMed - in process]

Hepatitis B

http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/pink/hepb.pdf
Both the pediatric and adult formulations of Recombivax HB are approved for use in any age group. For example, the adult formulation of Recombivax HB may be used in children
(0.5 mL) and adolescents (0.5 mL). However, pediatric Engerix-B is approved for use only in children and adolescents younger than 20 years of age. The adult formulation of Engerix-B is not approved for use in infants and children but may be used in both adolescents (11–19 years of age) and adults.
Engerix-B contains aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant.
It does not contain thimerosal as a preservative but contains a trace of thimerosal as residual from the manufacturing process. The vaccine is supplied in singledose vials and syringes. recombivax HB contains aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate as an adjuvant. None of the formulations of Recombivax HB contain thimerosal or any other preservative. The vaccine is supplied in single
dose vials.


Hepatitis B vaccine has been alleged to cause or exacerbate
multiple sclerosis (MS). A 2004 retrospective study in a British population found a slight increase in risk of MS among hepatitis B vaccine recipients. However, large population-based studies have shown no association between receipt of hepatitis B vaccine and either the development of MS or exacerbation of the course of MS is persons already diagnosed with the disease.

Polio

http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/355/24/2508?query=TOC
The Eradication of Polio — Progress and Challenges
Mark A. Pallansch, Ph.D., and Hardeep S. Sandhu, M.D.
...
Because of persistent viral transmission, polio eradication activities have been intensified in India, and most children in the northern part of the country are now receiving more than 12 doses of vaccine before their second birthday (many more than the number of doses that are recommended for routine vaccinations, but necessary to attain immunity in high-risk areas and to eradicate the virus in some populations). These increased activities have led to fatigue among both the local vaccination teams and the community members who participate. Moreover, a median of 10 reported vaccine doses have been received by persons who have contracted poliomyelitis; this has raised questions about the efficacy of the vaccine. The quality and potency of the vaccine have been tested and shown to be adequate, but various biologic and ecologic factors such as other enteric infections and poor nutrition may be contributing to its reduced effectiveness in inducing immunity in these particular reservoir populations. A perplexing discrepancy remains, however, since other areas of southern Asia — including other parts of India — have similar risk factors for the transmission of the virus because of poor sanitation and crowding and yet are now polio-free.

Aluminum hydroxied: causing problems

http://www.straight.com/article/vaccines-show-sinister-side
New, so-far-unpublished research led by Vancouver neuroscientist Chris Shaw shows a link between the aluminum hydroxide used in vaccines, and symptoms associated with Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig's disease), and Alzheimer's.

Shaw is most surprised that the research for his paper hadn't been done before. For 80 years, doctors have injected patients with aluminum hydroxide, he said, an adjuvant that stimulates immune response.

Friday, December 22, 2006

Some Hib stuff...

Interesting Hib reads:

Prevnar leading to other infections:
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=15841788
http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/suppl_3/59.pdf
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1112059

Slight decrease in incident of disease we have a vaccine for, but increase incident of disease we don't have a vaccine for (vaccine creating problems):
http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/42/2/807
“We show that the introduction of the vaccine in Portugal led to changes in H. influenzae, particularly the decline in strains of serotype b (from 81 to 16%), which was accompanied by a relative increase of NC strains (from 19 to 80%). We also report for the first time a Portuguese serotype f invasive strain that was isolated during the vaccination period. The efficacy of the Hib conjugate vaccine (10) has been extensively studied, and it significantly reduces the incidence of carriage in immunized children, which may have several consequences, e.g., the isolation of other serotypes in cases of invasive disease, especially serotypes a and f (18, 19); an increase in virulence of non-b serotypes (15, 16); and a concomitant increase in NC strains (9).”

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/413130_8

CDC's Pink Book:
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/pink/hib.pdf

http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/meningococcal_g.htm
“Before the 1990s, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, but new vaccines being given to all children as part of their routine immunizations have reduced the occurrence of invasive disease due to H. influenzae. Today, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are the leading causes of bacterial meningitis.”

http://www.adis.com/files/journals/RES/res_0102.pdf

http://www.pidj.com/pt/re/pidj/abstract.00006454-199909000-00014.htm;jsessionid=FKLYy5PcpQ2n3ZQqh2gyppLrlcL2tL27DwRRfMzJKy5NVl5Xqt6D!1005135326!-949856144!8091!-1

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1112059

http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/413130_19

http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/94/12/6571

http://www.who.int/immunization/topics/hib/en/index.html

Clonal relationship of recent invasive Haemophilus influenzae serotype f isolates from Denmark and the United States
http://jmm.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/53/11/1161

Antibiotic resistance and clinical significance of Haemophilus influenzae type f
http://jac.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/52/6/961?ijkey=2b85954155fe71ba94bfeda678188103ffafdc38&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Bacterial Vaccines and Serotype Replacement: Lessons from Haemophilus influenzae and Prospects for Streptococcus pneumoniae
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol5no3/lipsitch.htm

Outbreak of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease among fully vaccinated children in a day-care center.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14743044&dopt=Abstract

Confronting the pneumococcus: a target shift or bullet change?
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11137259&dopt=Abstract

Immunogenicity and impact on nasopharyngeal carriage of a nonavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10479145&dopt=Abstract

It seems to me that Hib vaccines caused the pneumococcal bacteria to thrive—creating a shift in what causes bacterial meningitis. Because of the Hib vaccine we need the pneumococcal vaccine. What will we need for the pneumococcal vaccine?

Some vaccines contain aborted fetal tissues...

The fetal cell lines that are in use currently (for approved vaccines and that are used for vaccines that are in clinical trials) are as follows:

MRC-5 (used in Varivax, Vaqta, Havrix, Twinrix, ProQuad, Poliovax, Imovax, Zostavax, Acambis 1000)

RA273 (used in MMR II, MR VAX, Biavax II, Meruvax II, ProQuad)

WI-38 (used in Varivax, MMR II, MR VAX, Biavax II, Meruvax II, ProQuad, Zostavax)

PER C6 (used in an Ebola vaccine that is in development, used in a flu vaccine that is in development, used in an avian flu vaccine that is in development, used in a HIV vaccine that is in development)

HEK 293 (used in Xigris, used in a flu vaccine that is in development, used in an avian flu vaccine that is in development)

WI-26 (used in Enbrel)

VA4 (used in Enbrel)


(The diseases relating to the vaccines above, that are apart of the recommended vaccine schedule, are: Varicella, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Polio, Hepatitis A, and Hepatitis B.)